本站原创Acknowledgements5-6
Abstract6-8
摘要8-12
Chapter 1 Introduction12-18
1.1 Research Background12-16
1.2 Significance of the Research16
1.3 Organization of the Thesis16-18
Chapter 2 Literature Review18-34
2.1 General Introduction of Washback18-26
2.1.1 Defining Washback18-20
2.1.2 Hypotheses and Nature of Washback20-26
2.2 Studies of Washback at Home and Abroad26-31
2.2.1 Washback Studies Abroad26-28
2.2.2 Washback Studies in China28-31
2.3 Summary31-34
Chapter 3 Research Design and Methodology34-40
3.1 Research Questions34
3.2 Participants34-36
3.2.1 Teachers35
3.2.2 Students35-36
3.3 Instruments36-39
3.3.1 Questionnaire36-38
3.3.2 Interviews38-39
3.3.3 Classroom Observation39
3.4 Summary39-40
Chapter 4 Results and Analysis40-70
4.1 Questionnaire Results and Analysis40-59
4.1.1 Questionnaire for High School Teachers40-51
4.1.2 Questionnaire for Senior Ⅲ Students51-59
4.2 Interview Results and Analysis59-66
4.2.1 Interview with High School Teachers60-64
4.2.2 Interview with Senior Ⅲ Students64-66
4.3 Classroom Observation Results and Analysis66-68
4.4 Summary68-70
Chapter 5 Discussions70-88
5.1 Positive Washback on Writing Teaching70-75
5.1.1 Changes of Teaching Conception71
5.1.2 Changes of Teaching Approach71-72
5.1.3 Changes of Teaching Medium72-73
5.1.4 Changes of Teachers' and Students' Roles73-74
5.1.5 Changes of Writing Assement74-75
5.2 Negative Washback on Writing Teaching75-77
5.2.1 In Teaching Purpose75-77
5.2.2 In Teaching Allotments77
5.3 Factors Affecting Washback77-80
5.4 Suggestions for Teaching80-84
5.4.1 Reasonable Distribution of Teaching Time80-82
5.4.2 Creative Use of Teaching Materials82-83
5.4.3 Estabpshing a New Writing Teaching Mode83-84
5.5 Suggestions for the NMET Writing Test84-88
5.5.1 Consideration More Justice for the Rural Areas85
5.5.2 Combination of the Openness with Control in Writing Proposition85-86
5.5.3 Diversification of the Contents of Assesent86-88
Chapter 6 Conclusion88-92
6.1 Summary of Main Findings88-89
6.2 Limitations of the Research89-90
6.3 Need for Future Study90-92
Bibpography92-96
Appendix (A)96-97
Appendix (B)97-102
Appendix (C)102-105
Appendix (D)105-108
Appendix (E)108-109
Appendix (F)109-111