本站原创
Abstract. Taking the information flow of website as a starting point， this thesis calculated the derivation effect of group of study-abroad and immigration to the group of VFR （visiting friends or relatives） by a quantitative method. By improving the model of grity and virtual distance， we put forward the new concept “derivation intensity”， calculated the derivation intensity. In order to test the feasibility of the model， we forecast the human flows in 2013-2015and draw an analogy with official forecast of the Australian Government. The results show that they are accountable to a large extent.
Key words： Information Flow of Website； Group of Visiting Friends/Relatives； Derivation Effect； Empirical Study
From immigration from Australia's top 10 crowds， Australia trel site visits to Australia's top 10 and top tourists visiting friends 10， thereare six countries which were in the top ten in these three terms. They are Japan， UK， USA， China， Hong Kong， and Singapore. Ranking relationship between the three indicates that the derived effect largely exists， but which not exactly corresponds to the three rankings. This is because： （1） the data not fully correspond to each other. Especially the "Australian tourist site traffic ranking"， this is just data from one of the trel Web site. The "visitors to Australia to visit relatives and friends ranking" refers to the whole of Australia oversea visiting friends and relatives tourist market. （2） The relationship between them is complex. Because the generation of trel behior and population displacem
4.2 Review and establish of the research model
This section is， in the joint action of virtual network and realistic geospatial， countries immigration crowds' attracting of trelers visiting friends and relatives in the country， namely the strength of the derivative， referred derivative strength.
Derivative intensity represents a crowd of people's attracting to another， so in essence they are all gritating basic category. Therefore， in this study， we draw the grity model， and put appropriate modifications and variations on it， aiming to quantify the research object. Grity model or gritational formula was first used by the British scientist Newton made in 1687， such as （1） formula.
In this study， the grity model of innovation lies in the application： the virtual distance in the model is used to calculate the derivative intensity. As the tourist groups are the results of both real geospatial and the virtual cyberspace， so we define the actual distance as r1， and define the virtual distance as r2. Therefore， （1） is tranormed into： We believe that virtual distance r2 is influenced by two factors. First is the proportion of tourists who guided by the Internet， which is represented by P； the second is the proportion of tourists visiting friends of this part， which is represented by Q. Both factors he a direct proportional relationship with the virtual distance. And r2 is the denominator； therefore， the r2 is processed as follows， see （3） form.
This study， with the influence of the website information flow， is on the crowd relationship between immigrant students and tourist groups of derived action， which is derived strength F. Therefore， the M1 and M2 in formulation （2） are respectively defined as the number of immigrants studying in Australia from New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA and China —R1， and the number of people visiting friends and relatives from New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA and China — R 2. Among them， r1 is the actual distance from New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA， and China to Australia. In order to facilitate the conduct of research， we define interpersonal distance as the distance from the capitals of New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA， and China to Sydney， represented by S. The acquisition of the actual distance is calculated based on specific longitude and latitude in Wellington， Tokyo， London， Washington and Beijing with computer software （Table 4-5）. Therefore， the derivative strength formula used in this study is tranormed into formulation （4）， as follows：
Table 2： The distance and process result of the capital of five countries to Sydney
（unit： km）
Second， in data for individual years， the proportion of people visiting relatives and friends in Australia is not easy to obtain. But through the contrast ratio since 2004， in addition to a 2% change in the United States， the ratio of the other four countries has not changed. Therefore， according to research experience， the proportion of people visiting friends and relatives is stable， so the proportion in the calculation of the ratio is fixed. New Zealand： 28%， Japan： 5%， United Kingdom： 36%， USA： 22%， China： 12% （see Figure 1）. [3]
Fitted equation of derivative intensity of New Zealand Studying Immigration flow to their touri flow visiting friends and relatives to Australia：
Fitted equation of derivative intensity of Japanese Studying Immigration flow to their touri flow visiting friends and relatives to Australia：
Fitted equation of derivative intensity of British Studying Immigration flow to their touri flow visiting friends and relatives to Australia：
Fitted equation of derivative intensity of U.S. Studying Immigration flow to their touri flow visiting friends and relatives to Australia：
Fitted equation of derivative intensity of Chinese Studying Immigration flow to their touri flow visiting friends and relatives to Australia：
In order to verify the reasonableness of the proposed concept derived strength and the strength derived fitted equation or whether it can be applied in a wider range， we tested the equation.
Specific methods are as follows： First， make use of data derived strength obtained by fitting regression equation of the seven countries on 2006-2012 to predict the next three years （2013-2015） derivative intensity changes of New Zeala
5.2 Research of derived strength and forecasts of population of people visiting friends and relatives in Australia official touri is largely consistent. [3][4]
References
Gramham， S and Marrin， S .Telecommunication and the City [M].Electronics， Urban Places.Routledge，London，1996：434。
Moss， L .Townsend A M， Spatial analysis of the Internet in U.S. cities and states [EB/ON].
http：// urban.nyu.edu/research/newcastle/Newcastle.html.
[3] Malechi， J and Gorman， P. Maybe the death of distance， but not the end of geography： Internet as a network [J]. Wired worlds of electronic commerce. Brunn， D and Leinbach， R.
[4] Adams， P and Ghose， R.India.com： the construction of a space between [J].Human Geography Progress， 414-437.
[5] Hong Zhen， Hong Liu & Jieshu Zhang（2000）. Information Flow and Transport Related Theory [M]. Beijing： People's Communications Press
Key words： Information Flow of Website； Group of Visiting Friends/Relatives； Derivation Effect； Empirical Study
1. Introduction
In recent years， geographers gradually get rid of the "the end of geography" concerns brought by the information and communication technology developments， and instead， they tend to re-examine the background and geography research content changes， which makes geography school's development has entered a new phase.2. Literature reviews
Research on the intangible flow of information's guiding effect on tangible material flow guiding is increasingly concerned. Abroad， Graham and other authorities summarized the role played by information technology and the information industry in cities and regions into four effects， namely synergy effect， substitution effect， derivative effect and enhancement effect， providing valuable references for our related studies； Moss analyzed information flow structure and spatial pattern of U.S. Internet infrastructure ， Malecki studied the world internet infrastructure from the perspective of economic geography [3]， and from the new ICTs geographic perspective， Adams took qualitative analysis of the Internet's real effect of promoting Indian immigrants to the United States[4]. In China， Hong Zhen and other authorities carried out in-depth study on the information flow and transport-related theory[5]； Shimou Yao explained with the example analysis on the above-me源于：论文提纲范文www.udooo.com
ntioned synergies， the substitution effect， derivative effect and the enhancement effect[6]； Zhongwei Sun provided flow space background support for the basic properties such as convection space geography perspective study [7]； especially Shifeng Wu took quantitative study of website information flow on realistic flow of partial substitution effect and obtained important conclusions that information flow on the flow of the substitution effect and gradually increase with a lag through China Internet Network Development Statistics Report[8]. By reviewing the relevant literature， we find that most of the domestic research is still in the "dematerialization" level and the external level such as research information technology， the Internet information and so on， lack of virtual space， geography and other internal aspects of cyberspace research.源于：论文封面www.udooo.com
As the number of immigrants to study in Australia， the number of site visitors and the number of people treling abroad in Australia he great differences in the figures， it is not easy to see its laws. Thus we select the rank to examine the relationship between them， in Table 1.From immigration from Australia's top 10 crowds， Australia trel site visits to Australia's top 10 and top tourists visiting friends 10， thereare six countries which were in the top ten in these three terms. They are Japan， UK， USA， China， Hong Kong， and Singapore. Ranking relationship between the three indicates that the derived effect largely exists， but which not exactly corresponds to the three rankings. This is because： （1） the data not fully correspond to each other. Especially the "Australian tourist site traffic ranking"， this is just data from one of the trel Web site. The "visitors to Australia to visit relatives and friends ranking" refers to the whole of Australia oversea visiting friends and relatives tourist market. （2） The relationship between them is complex. Because the generation of trel behior and population displacem
源于：www.udooo.com
ent is the result of the combined effects of many factors， the impact of the flow of information is just one very important aspect. In addition， there are more important factors such as the actual distance， transportation accessibility， tourist income， leisure time， and factors such as political relations between the two countries. Next， we get some of the data to calculate the crowd on Immigration in Australia for the purpose of visiting friends and relatives touri crowd derivative action.4.2 Review and establish of the research model
This section is， in the joint action of virtual network and realistic geospatial， countries immigration crowds' attracting of trelers visiting friends and relatives in the country， namely the strength of the derivative， referred derivative strength.
Derivative intensity represents a crowd of people's attracting to another， so in essence they are all gritating basic category. Therefore， in this study， we draw the grity model， and put appropriate modifications and variations on it， aiming to quantify the research object. Grity model or gritational formula was first used by the British scientist Newton made in 1687， such as （1） formula.
In this study， the grity model of innovation lies in the application： the virtual distance in the model is used to calculate the derivative intensity. As the tourist groups are the results of both real geospatial and the virtual cyberspace， so we define the actual distance as r1， and define the virtual distance as r2. Therefore， （1） is tranormed into： We believe that virtual distance r2 is influenced by two factors. First is the proportion of tourists who guided by the Internet， which is represented by P； the second is the proportion of tourists visiting friends of this part， which is represented by Q. Both factors he a direct proportional relationship with the virtual distance. And r2 is the denominator； therefore， the r2 is processed as follows， see （3） form.
This study， with the influence of the website information flow， is on the crowd relationship between immigrant students and tourist groups of derived action， which is derived strength F. Therefore， the M1 and M2 in formulation （2） are respectively defined as the number of immigrants studying in Australia from New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA and China —R1， and the number of people visiting friends and relatives from New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA and China — R 2. Among them， r1 is the actual distance from New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA， and China to Australia. In order to facilitate the conduct of research， we define interpersonal distance as the distance from the capitals of New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA， and China to Sydney， represented by S. The acquisition of the actual distance is calculated based on specific longitude and latitude in Wellington， Tokyo， London， Washington and Beijing with computer software （Table 4-5）. Therefore， the derivative strength formula used in this study is tranormed into formulation （4）， as follows：
4.3 Data preparation and calculation
We chose the seven years 2006-2012 as the research object data. These data includes the total number of touri from New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA， China five countries to Australia， the total number of internet trel guides proportion and the ratio derived by the Internet and the number of persons and immigration， etc.， which are shown in Table 2 and Figure1. It should be noted that：
First， in order to facilitate the calculation， we dispose the actual distance from the capitals of New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA and China to Sydney. We define the actual distance from Wellington to Sydney as 1， and then make the actual distance from Tokyo， London， Washington and Beijing to Sydney Wellington divided by it， and the results are shown in Table 2.Table 2： The distance and process result of the capital of five countries to Sydney
（unit： km）
Second， in data for individual years， the proportion of people visiting relatives and friends in Australia is not easy to obtain. But through the contrast ratio since 2004， in addition to a 2% change in the United States， the ratio of the other four countries has not changed. Therefore， according to research experience， the proportion of people visiting friends and relatives is stable， so the proportion in the calculation of the ratio is fixed. New Zealand： 28%， Japan： 5%， United Kingdom： 36%， USA： 22%， China： 12% （see Figure 1）. [3]
摘自：学术论文翻译www.udooo.com
According to the improved grity model formula （4） as well as the data in Table 3 we calculate derivative intensity of Australia's major source countries for each year 2006-2012 （Table 4）.4.4 Forecasting and inspection
According to data of derived intensity calculation of New Zealand， Japan， UK， USA and China from 2006 to 2012， we use SPSS13.0 software for regression analysis， and get fitted equation of derived strength， as the following：Fitted equation of derivative intensity of New Zealand Studying Immigration flow to their touri flow visiting friends and relatives to Australia：
Fitted equation of derivative intensity of Japanese Studying Immigration flow to their touri flow visiting friends and relatives to Australia：
Fitted equation of derivative intensity of British Studying Immigration flow to their touri flow visiting friends and relatives to Australia：
Fitted equation of derivative intensity of U.S. Studying Immigration flow to their touri flow visiting friends and relatives to Australia：
Fitted equation of derivative intensity of Chinese Studying Immigration flow to their touri flow visiting friends and relatives to Australia：
In order to verify the reasonableness of the proposed concept derived strength and the strength derived fitted equation or whether it can be applied in a wider range， we tested the equation.
Specific methods are as follows： First， make use of data derived strength obtained by fitting regression equation of the seven countries on 2006-2012 to predict the next three years （2013-2015） derivative intensity changes of New Zeala
摘自：毕业论文答辩www.udooo.com
nd， Japan， UK， USA， China immigration flow stream to their respective countries to trel to Australia （see Table 6）. Second， according to part of the data of the future population projections published by Australian Trel Network in April 2012， we calculate visiting friends crowd changes of Zealand， Japan， UK， USA and China to Australia in the next three years （see Table 5-6）. By comparison， there is consistency to a large extent.5. Results
5.1 Although with the question of the flow of information on the site and immigration crowd， derivative action is there， but due to the other factors， derivative intensity manifested by different countries is different. Particularly， distance as a factor in the reality still exists and plays an important role.5.2 Research of derived strength and forecasts of population of people visiting friends and relatives in Australia official touri is largely consistent. [3][4]
源于：大专毕业论文范文www.udooo.com
7. Acknowledgement
This article was financially supported by the Hainan Provincial Department of Education Scientific Research Project funded by National Backbone Vocational College Construction （Grant NO. Hjsk2011-108）.References
Gramham， S and Marrin， S .Telecommunication and the City [M].Electronics， Urban Places.Routledge，London，1996：434。
Moss， L .Townsend A M， Spatial analysis of the Internet in U.S. cities and states [EB/ON].
http：// urban.nyu.edu/research/newcastle/Newcastle.html.
[3] Malechi， J and Gorman， P. Maybe the death of distance， but not the end of geography： Internet as a network [J]. Wired worlds of electronic commerce. Brunn， D and Leinbach， R.
[4] Adams， P and Ghose， R.India.com： the construction of a space between [J].Human Geography Progress， 414-437.
[5] Hong Zhen， Hong Liu & Jieshu Zhang（2000）. Information Flow and Transport Related Theory [M]. Beijing： People's Communications Press
源于：免费论文查重www.udooo.com
[3][4][5][6]