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AT 10:03 am on June 29, the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft returned to Earth to land in northern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, ending the 302-hour journey in space of the operation’s three astronauts, Jing Haipeng, Liu Wang and Liu Yang, China’s first woman astronaut.
The Shenzhou-9 spacecraft was launched on June 16, and over the next two weeks achieved a series of breakthroughs in China’s aerospace history – its first manual rendezvous and docking between a spacecraft and skylab, its first female astronaut, and a record 13 days spent in space.
At the news of the succesul launch, President Hu Jintao, then paying a state visit to Denmark, immediately sent a message of congratulations. Ten days later Hu himself made a call to the astronauts. He asked about their physical conditions and whether their assignment was going well, adding, “We and your families are looking forward to your succesul and safe return.” When the re-entry capsule landed on June 29, Premier Wen Jiabao watched the entire process at the Beijing Areospace Control Center (BACC), and ge a speech, praising it as “a new achievement in China’s effort to build an innovationdriven country,” and “an important contribution to human exploration of outer space.”
Rendezvous and Docking technology Mastered
After two days of flight, the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft automated docking with the Tiangong-1 lab module, and the three astronauts entered the skylab. On June 24, the spacecraft separated with the lab, and the astronauts conducted the mission’s most important task – the manual docking, followed by the spacecraft’s return to Earth on June 29.
Now that China has mastered both automated and manual methods of rendezvous and docking, one of the three basic technologies of manned space flight, the probability of succesully completing space missions has greatly increased.
China’s first unmanned space docking was succesully completed last year when the Shenzhou-8 spacecraft docked with the Tiangong-1. The succesul automated docking on June 18 further proved the technology. The manual docking was a great achievement for Liu Wang, who conducted the task 343 km away from Earth. “The success rate of manual docking is higher than the automated one, but more challenging for the astronauts,” commented Jiao Weixin, a professor at the School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University.
“The manual docking was beautifully conducted. It was very accurate and swift,” said Liu Weibo, the program manager responsible for the astronaut system. The manual docking was completed in only seven minutes, three minutes faster than the automatic docking, indicating the advantages humans he over the automate
“Cozy and Warm” skylab
The Shenzhou-9 crew entered into the Tiangong-1 lab module twice and spent a total of 11 days on board, thus proving the lab’s ability to support life and provide the necessary working conditions as well as the control and management of the combined unit. This marked the first time the Chinese space program transported personnel and materials to a spacecraft in orbit, conducted aerospace medical experiments and tested key technology such as life support.
Besides their spacesuits, astronauts also brought special underwear, work outfits, exercise clothes and so-called“penguin suits,” designed specially for use in microgrity, said Li Tanqiu, deputy chief designer of the astronaut system
The Chinese astronauts rode stationary bikes onboard to exercise their lower body muscles, as the effects of weightlessness include muscle atrophy. Each astronaut conducted their own exercise regime designed for them according to their maximum heart rates.
Another particularly annoying problem that the astronauts he to deal with in microgrity is personal hygiene. Special research has been conducted to find ways to bath in space but none of the many methods that he been investigated he succesully tackled the problem. On this mission, the Shenzhou-9 crew used the low-tech method of wiping themselves down with wet tissues.
Astronauts’ life in space is also very dull and lacks the excitement that people might imagine. The China Astronaut Research and Training Center designed a series of entertainments to keep them occupied, including watching movies, taking photos and a treasure hunt.
As you can see, all sorts of details are needed to make sure life inside the orbiting spacelab, which was kept at a temperature of between 22 and 23 degrees Celsius and a humidity of40 percent, is safe and comfortable for both mind and body.
“The Tiangong-1 is our home in space, warm and cozy,” Liu Yang told the press after coming out of the capsule that had finally brought her back down to solid ground.
Technological Breakthroughs
The Shenzhou-9 spacecraft was launched on June 16, and over the next two weeks achieved a series of breakthroughs in China’s aerospace history – its first manual rendezvous and docking between a spacecraft and skylab, its first female astronaut, and a record 13 days spent in space.
At the news of the succesul launch, President Hu Jintao, then paying a state visit to Denmark, immediately sent a message of congratulations. Ten days later Hu himself made a call to the astronauts. He asked about their physical conditions and whether their assignment was going well, adding, “We and your families are looking forward to your succesul and safe return.” When the re-entry capsule landed on June 29, Premier Wen Jiabao watched the entire process at the Beijing Areospace Control Center (BACC), and ge a speech, praising it as “a new achievement in China’s effort to build an innovationdriven country,” and “an important contribution to human exploration of outer space.”
Rendezvous and Docking technology Mastered
After two days of flight, the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft automated docking with the Tiangong-1 lab module, and the three astronauts entered the skylab. On June 24, the spacecraft separated with the lab, and the astronauts conducted the mission’s most important task – the manual docking, followed by the spacecraft’s return to Earth on June 29.
Now that China has mastered both automated and manual methods of rendezvous and docking, one of the three basic technologies of manned space flight, the probability of succesully completing space missions has greatly increased.
China’s first unmanned space docking was succesully completed last year when the Shenzhou-8 spacecraft docked with the Tiangong-1. The succesul automated docking on June 18 further proved the technology. The manual docking was a great achievement for Liu Wang, who conducted the task 343 km away from Earth. “The success rate of manual docking is higher than the automated one, but more challenging for the astronauts,” commented Jiao Weixin, a professor at the School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University.
“The manual docking was beautifully conducted. It was very accurate and swift,” said Liu Weibo, the program manager responsible for the astronaut system. The manual docking was completed in only seven minutes, three minutes faster than the automatic docking, indicating the advantages humans he over the automate
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d system.Hing succesul mastered rendezvous and docking technology, China is now able to send personnel and material supplies to the spacecraft in orbit using both docking methods. This is the third piece in a set of three technologies of manned space flight, the other two being shuttling back and forth and extrehicular activities, that are prerequisite for the construction of a space station.“Cozy and Warm” skylab
The Shenzhou-9 crew entered into the Tiangong-1 lab module twice and spent a total of 11 days on board, thus proving the lab’s ability to support life and provide the necessary working conditions as well as the control and management of the combined unit. This marked the first time the Chinese space program transported personnel and materials to a spacecraft in orbit, conducted aerospace medical experiments and tested key technology such as life support.
Besides their spacesuits, astronauts also brought special underwear, work outfits, exercise clothes and so-called“penguin suits,” designed specially for use in microgrity, said Li Tanqiu, deputy chief designer of the astronaut system
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department.The Chinese astronauts rode stationary bikes onboard to exercise their lower body muscles, as the effects of weightlessness include muscle atrophy. Each astronaut conducted their own exercise regime designed for them according to their maximum heart rates.
Another particularly annoying problem that the astronauts he to deal with in microgrity is personal hygiene. Special research has been conducted to find ways to bath in space but none of the many methods that he been investigated he succesully tackled the problem. On this mission, the Shenzhou-9 crew used the low-tech method of wiping themselves down with wet tissues.
Astronauts’ life in space is also very dull and lacks the excitement that people might imagine. The China Astronaut Research and Training Center designed a series of entertainments to keep them occupied, including watching movies, taking photos and a treasure hunt.
As you can see, all sorts of details are needed to make sure life inside the orbiting spacelab, which was kept at a temperature of between 22 and 23 degrees Celsius and a humidity of40 percent, is safe and comfortable for both mind and body.
“The Tiangong-1 is our home in space, warm and cozy,” Liu Yang told the press after coming out of the capsule that had finally brought her back down to solid ground.
Technological Breakthroughs
源于：电大毕业论文www.udooo.com